14 November 2006
Opinion of the Independent Financial Advisor-Part 3
Part 3
Independent Financial Advisor's Opinion regarding Rationale of the
Transaction of Acquiring BLCP Shares
1) Objectives and Rationale of the Transaction
EGCOMP's main business activity consists of owning and operating
power generation facilities
in domestic and international markets. Being structured as a holding
company allows EGCOMP
to manage and run separate power plant projects with greater
management & operating efficiency
and it creates a transparent system for gauging performance and
reporting results each year. EGCOMP,
as the parent holding company, takes on the responsibility for
formulation of strategic plans and
new business development, human resource management,
financial management, accounting & budgeting
as well as public and community relation activities for subsidiaries
in the EGCOMP group.
In addition, EGCOMP is responsible for providing internal audit
and legal services for all firms under its
ownership that are directly engaged in the operation
and maintenance of power plants.
The main source of EGCOMP's revenue includes return
from investment in subsidiaries,
associated firms and joint ventures that is mostly
in the form of share of profit from investment
in companies under the EGCOMP Group.
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EGCOMP aims to expand its investment in the power
generation & distribution business
in which it has developed specialist knowledge in a number
of different fuel types.
In general, EGCOMP has two modes to expand its
power generation business, namely:
- Participating in a competitive bidding process for new
power generation power purchase
agreements (PPA). Expanding business in
this way might takes time and
entails significant development risks.
To succeed in bidding for a PPA, bidders
must possess expertise
and experience in managing power plant
projects and have access to project financing.
In addition, they must understand how to manage project
construction schedule and budget and obtain
appropriate source of project financing.
- Acquiring firms that are awarded a PPA.
Although this alternative for expansion would help to
eliminate risks of competitive bidding for a new
greenfield project and reduce construction and
pre-operating risk, this route can potentially be
more costly in the short term.
Acquiring 50 % of ordinary shares of BLCP, a company
that was awarded a PPA to generate
and sell electricity to EGAT for a term of 25 years, f
rom the CLP Group conforms to EGCOMP's
business expansion policy.
In particular, this transaction provides the
opportunity for EGCOMP to:
1. Increase its market share in the domestic power
generation and distribution business;
2. Generate continuous and stable growth in its
revenues and profitability;
3. Expand its technical capabilities to include
coal-fired plants and increase its experience in
operating and maintaining such plants.
This would in turn help to enhance EGCOMP's competitive
advantage in the next round of IPP bidding;
4. Invest in an IPP-based power plant project in which
construction is almost complete and is ready
to be in operation in line with its contractual schedule.
This would help to reduce pre-operating risk and allow
EGCOMP to realize revenue
from investment from the onset of the investment.
2) Benefits of the Transaction to EGCOMP
and Its Shareholders
1. Increase EGCOMP's market share in the domestic power generation
and distribution business
As at December 31, 2005, EGCOMP had a total
owned power generation capacity
(Equity MW) in Thailand of 2,378.90 MW
comprised of 9 different power plants.
These plants account for approximately 9 %
of total domestic installed generation capacity.
Acquiring 50 % of BLCP with its total installed
capacity of 1,434 MW will raise
EGCOMP's Equity MW to 3,095.90 MW
comprising approximately 11 % of total domestic
generation capacity at the end of 2006.
EGCOMP is also in the process of developing 4
greenfield power projects,
with total Equity MW of 1,021 MW, namely the
Kaeng Khoi 2 Combined
Cycle Power Plant Project, with SCOD of its
unit 1 in 2007, the Nam Theun 2
Hydroelectric Power Plant Project located in Laos,
with SCOD in 2009,
the Gulf Yala Green Biomass Power Plant Project,
with SCOD around the end of 2006
and the Amata Power Bang Pakong
Expansion Project with first
operation scheduled for early 2007.
In addition, EGCOMP is in the process of preparing
to participate in the next round of IPP
solicitations which, if successful, would lead to
further increase in EGCOMP's market share
over the period from 2009-2011.
2. Increase EGCOMP's Revenue and Profitability from Investing in
the BLCP Power Plant Project
Pursuant to the PPA signed between BLCP and
EGAT in 1997 (as amended in 1999),
BLCP will sell all electricity generated to EGAT,
and EGAT will make payments to
BLCP in the form of:
1. Availability Payments (AP), which EGAT is
required to make if the BLCP plant is
available to generate electricity with the agreed
characteristics at agreed levels in response
to a dispatch instructions from EGAT, regardless
of whether or not EGAT
issues a dispatch instruction.
These payments provide a return on BLCP's
investment in the facility
and cover its fixed operation and maintenance costs.
2. Energy Payments (EP), which EGAT makes in
consideration for electricity supplied to EGAT
in response to a dispatch instruction.
These payments are designed to cover fuel, fuel transportation
and variable operation and maintenance costs incurred by BLCP
in production of the electricity supplied to EGAT.
3. BLCP also earns an Added Facility Charge from
EGAT that is a payment to
reimburse BLCP for amounts advanced to EGAT t
o build new transmission
facilities and cover other access costs incurred
for EGAT to connect the BLCP IPP plant to
EGAT's transmission grid.
Provided that BLCP maintains the availability factors
and levels of operational efficiency as
specified in the PPA and can manage its operating
costs as planned, BLCP will earn its
operating revenue on an uninterrupted basis in
accordance with the PPA.
This is because the business of power generation
is less affected by fluctuation in the macro
economy than other businesses. Investing in BLCP
should generate an appropriate level of
investment return for EGCOMP in the long run.
3. Investing in BLCP Helps to Increase EGCOMP's
Experience in Operating and
Maintaining Coal-fired Power Plants and
Diversify Source of Fuel
Currently, power plants in Thailand are largely fueled
by natural gas, given the fact that 70 %
of the electricity generated in Thailand is generated
with natural gas. Several of the power plants
run by EGCOMP's subsidiaries, associates or
joint ventures are natural gas-based ones.
Thus, investing in the BLCP Power Plant Project,
a facility that uses coal as its fuel,
would increase EGCOMP's business scope,
and this help to provide EGCOMP's with
greater competitive strength in future rounds of IPP bidding.
This is because the country's policy
is to diversify fuel sources to lessen the dependence
on natural gas that could face issues on supply
and pipeline capacity in the future.
Investing in BLCP would help to increase
EGCOMP's market share in the
domestic power generation
business, provide an opportunity for it to
develop greater experience
in managing coal-fired power
plants and diversify the fuel sources for
plants in which it may seek
to invest in the future.
4. Investing in BLCP allows EGCOMP to invest
in an IPP project of which construction
process is almost complete and ready to be in
operation in accordance with the schedule,
thus substantially reducing pre-operating risk
and allowing EGCOMP
to realize revenue from investment immediately
BLCP was awarded a PPA to generate and sell
electricity to EGAT under the IPP scheme,
and it has already passed major pre-operating
milestones such as obtaining approval from
relevant government bodies in relation to
constructing and running power plants,
securing sources of financing, constructing power plants,
and appointing its O&M contractor.
Currently, construction of Unit 1 of the
BLCP Power Plant Project was complete,
and it already
passed relevant commissioning tests required under the PPA.
It has been in commercial operation
since October 1, 2006.
Thus, investing in BLCP allows EGCOMP
to participate in a power
plant project with quite low risks
in terms of construction, control of construction
costs and project delay.
Although, the SCOD of Unit 1 of the
BLCP Power Plant Project is October 1, 2006,
it has actually generated and sold electricity to
EGAT since mid-August 2006.
Investing in BLCP thus allows EGCOMP to realize income
from investment in such project immediately.
3) Relevant Risk Factors that might Adversely
Affect BLCP's Financial Performance and Condition
- Risk due to Project Delay
Thanks to its vast experience and strong expertise in
constructing many types of power plants
including coal-fired ones, the Mitsubishi Consortium
that served as the EPC Contractor for the BLCP
Power Plant Project was able to complete
construction of Unit 1 of the Project ahead of schedule,
and this unit has delivered electricity to EGAT's transmission
grid since mid-August 2006. Unit 2 o
f the Project is currently nearing completion,
and is expected to be ready for operations in line with
the contractual schedule. Additionally,
in accordance with the EPC Contract,
BLCP is allowed to impose liquidated
damages on the Mitsubishi Consortium should construction
of the BLCP Power Plant Project fail to
conform with the construction schedule or
the relevant performance
specifications. Thus, risk of project delay
or substandard performance for the BLCP
IPP Project has been adequately mitigated.
- Risk due to Cost-Overrun
In accordance with the EPC Contract,
the Project is being built on a fixed price,
lump sum basis. In estimating BLCP's total project costs,
an in-built contingency is also included.
As at June 30, 2006, actual contingency
used is still much lower than originally forecast one.
From information obtained from EGCOMP,
adjusted project construction costs are lower than
original forecast ones.
Thus, risk of cost-overrun for the BLCP IPP Project is quite low.
- Risk due to the Fact that EGAT is the Sole Customer of BLCP
In accordance with the BLCP PPA,
BLCP is required to sell all electricity to EGAT for a term
of 25 years, and this may expose it to
the risk of sole reliance on EGAT as the only customer.
Nevertheless, BLCP's customer
and revenue structures are similar to those of other IPPs.
The BLCP PPA also specifies clear
and standard terms and conditions for the amount and type
of payments to be made by EGAT to BLCP.
These include Availability Payments,
Energy Payments and Added Facility Charges.
EGAT will make these payments to BLCP periodically
in accordance with the PPA, regardless of the
level at which EGAT dispatches the plant.
- Risk due to Fluctuation in Demand for Electricity in Thailand
Domestic demand for electricity depends o
n the condition of the macro economy.
Should domestic economic growth decelerate,
demand for electricity from
both industrial and household
sectors declines as well.
This will reduce the quantity of electricity to
be purchased by EGAT,
and thus adversely affecting BLCP's revenue.
Nevertheless, EGAT is
obligated under the PPA to make
payment in the form of Availability Payments (AP) to
BLCP should the BLCP IPP plant is available to
generate electricity with the agreed
characteristics at agreed levels in
response to a dispatch instruction
from EGAT, regardless of whether or not
EGAT issues a dispatch instruction.
Such payments provide a return on
BLCP's investment in the facility
and cover its fixed operation
and maintenance costs. In addition, BLCP
also earns an Added Facility Charge from EGAT
that is a payment to reimburse BLCP IPP for amounts advanced to
EGAT to build new transmission
facilities and cover other access costs incurred for EGAT to
connect the BLCP IPP plant to
EGAT's transmission grid. Those two forms of payments
would help to partially reduce risk
due to fluctuation in domestic demand for electricity.
- Risk due to Reliance on only one Supplier of Coal
and Fluctuation in Coal Price
BLCP entered into the Coal Supply and
Transportation Agreement (CSTA) with Australian
Coal Holdings Pty Ltd. (ACH),
a company under Australian Rio Tinto Ltd.
In accordance with the CSTA, ACH is obligated
to supply coal to BLCP with the quantity and
the quality as required by BLCP for the whole CSTA term of 25 years.
Although ACH is obligated under the CSTA to supply coal to BLCP,
BLCP still faces risk of
reliance on only one supplier of coal. Should the supply of coal be
scarce or ACH fails to supply coal
to BLCP at the required quantity and quality, the BLCP IPP plants
may not generate electricity
for sale to EGAT in accordance with the PPA.
However, in case ACH fails to supply BLCP with coal at the
required quantity and quality,
BLCP is allowed to place an order with another supplier,
and if additional cost is incurred by BLCP
to obtain coal from other sources, ACH is required to bear
such additional costs.
This would help to reduce fuel supply risk.
Risk due to fluctuation in coal price is not a major issue for BLCP,
as under the tariff structure
agreed upon between EGAT and BLCP,
cost of coal is a pass-through when BLCP achieves
the contracted heat rate required under the PPA.
The result of test of operating efficiency conducted
prior to taking over of Unit 1 shows that Unit 1 could
achieve operating efficiency at the level higher
than that required under the PPA. This helps to reduce
the probability BLCP would be unable to
pass through cost of coal to EGAT due to its failure to
achieve the contracted heat rate required
under the PPA. Determination of coal price under the
CSTA is clearly specified.
- Operational Risk
Some operational risk factors that might adversely affect
BLCP's ability to
generate revenue and maintain profitability include:
1. Risk related to Operational Efficiency of the Power Plants:
Under the PPA, BLCP is required
to achieve certain operational efficiency criteria
such as fuel usage efficiency, availability factor,
unplanned outages and etc.
Should BLCP fail to achieve the required
level of operational efficiency,
it may be fined by EGAT, and its
revenue may be adversely affected.
To reduce risks in relation to operational
efficiency and to manage the BLCP
Power Plant Project efficiently in accordance with the PPA, BLCP
assigned the Mitsubishi
Consortium to carry out construction of the BLCP plant, and
specified some important production
parameters at the standard not lower than the level as required
under the PPA must be met.
BLCP also entered into the O&M Agreement with
Power Generation Services Ltd. (PGS)
through which PGS will act as the O&M contractor for the
BLCP Power Plant Project.
In measuring operation efficiency of the BLCP Power Plant
Project and evaluating performance
of PGS under the O&M Agreement, BLCP and PGS will
coordinate to select certain operating
performance criteria for measuring
operating efficiency of BLCP power plants.
2. Risk due to Rise in Costs of Operating Power Plants:
The tariff structure under the PPA is clearly specified and designed
for the whole contract term
to cover fixed and variable costs to a certain level.
Should operation of power plants fail to achieve
required level of operating efficiency,
thus resulting in increasing
cost of production and operation,
BLCP's operating profit may be adversely affected.
To reduce risk due to rise in operating costs,
PGS and BLCP will coordinate to prepare
operating budget to ensure operating and
maintenance costs are managed efficiently.
3. Risk due to Business Interruption Caused by
Uncontrollable Factors:
BLCP's operation may be interrupted by uncontrollable
factors such as natural disaster,
disaster caused by fire, technical fault and labor disputes.
To reduce the risks of business interruption,
BLCP will provide an operational handbook
and training to its staff, set up contingency plans to
deal with unexpected events,
install warning systems in its power plants and
require its staff to comply with safety measures.
BLCP has also insured its assets under property
damage insurance policy that cover on an all-risks
basis and business interruption insurance to ensure
it will be sufficiently and appropriately
insured in case of unexpected events or accidents.
- Environmental Compliance Risk
Under the PPA and relevant regulations regarding
environmental compliance required by the OEPP,
BLCP is obligated to comply with relevant environmental
standards and laws to ensure running of the
BLCP Power Plant Project will not cause serious
environmental problems.
To comply with relevant standards and laws and to
reduce the potential risk of
environmental problems, BLCP specified conditions
regarding environmental impact in the
EPC Contract, quality of the coal in the CSTA
Agreement as well as operating efficiency of the BLCP
IPP Project in the O&M Agreement to
ensure running the Project is in conformance
with relevant environmental regulations.
- Foreign Exchange Risk
BLCP is exposed to foreign exchange risk as some portion
of its operating cost,
procurement and purchasing of accessories, machinery
and equipment, cost of coal and transportation,
and some portion of its debt are in US dollar.
Although fluctuation in the Baht/dollar
may have a detrimental impact on BLCP's
financial performance and condition,
depreciation of the Thai Baht against US dollar
relative to the reference baht/dollar
exchange rate specified in the PPA will have an overall
positive impact on its financial performance.
This is because BLCP's revenue that is referenced to the
dollar exceeds its corresponding costs
or expenses that is referenced to or denominated in the dollar.
Most of BLCP's revenue in the form of
Availability Payment (AP) is calculated in reference to
the Baht/dollar exchange rate, and some of its debt
profile denominated in the dollar is
designed to match with the tariff structure under the PPA.
- Interest Rate Risk
According to the financing agreement between BLCP
and lending financial institutions,
BLCP's debt facilities are denominated in both dollar and
Thai baht for the total amount of
Baht 22,063 million and $558 million respectively, and
both Thai baht and dollar-denominated
debts comprise of both fixed-and floating-rate tranches.
Thus, BLCP is exposed to interest rate
risk should the reference rate rise.
To deal with this, BLCP entered into many interest rate swap
agreements to convert all of its floating-rate
dollar-denominated debt into fixed one,
and this would help to reduce its exposure
to fluctuation in interest rates.
- Risk due to the fact that the
CLP Holdings Limited Group will not hold
direct stake in BLCP and PGS
Given the CLP Holdings Limited Group,
with vast experience and strong expertise in running
and managing many coal-fired power plants in many countries,
has played an important role in
managing the BLCP Power Plant Project since the
very early of the Project, selling its stake in
BLCP to EGCOMP together with the possibility
that it will also sell its stake in
Power Generation Services Co., Ltd. (PGS)
that will operate and maintain the BLCP
Power Plant Project may have some impact
on running the Project to be in line with the initial plan.
Nevertheless, experts from the CLP Holdings Limited Group
will continue to work for both BLCP
and PGS for a period of three years after the SCOD of
Unit 2 to ensure smooth running of both companies.
BLCP will also provide continuous training to its staff and
management at all levels and regularly
review and improve where appropriate its internal working
procedures to reduce the risk of reliance
on particular individual or group of management.
The CLP Holdings Limited Group will continue to
hold indirect stakes in both BLCP
and PGS via its direct stake in EGCOMP.
Furthermore, both the
CLP Holdings Limited Group and EGCOMP
are committed to provide
continuous support to each other in terms of developing and
managing their common power
generation business in Thailand. These arrangements will help
to ensure that BLCP and
PGS will enjoy the benefit of
adequate support from committed sponsors.
4) Rationale and Necessity for Pursuing the Acquisition
Transaction with the Connected Person
As the number of IPP projects
currently available in Thailand is limited,
and most of which
are controlled by major shareholders who engage in the
business of power generation and
its related businesses and would rather maintain or
increase their stakes rather than dispose them,
the number of target IPP projects that could be
acquired by EGCOMP is limited.
The opportunity for EGCOMP to invest in BLCP is formed on
the basis of long-standing business
cooperation between EGCOMP and the
CLP Holdings Limited Group in the power generation business.
CLP Holdings Limited has engaged in the Thai power generation
business by holding an indirect
equity stake of 11.21 % in EGCOMP via
CLP Power Projects (Thailand) Limited and an indirect
equity stake of 50 % in BLCP via CLP-BLCP.
Thus, pursuing the transaction of acquiring BLCP shares
could be regarded as a step leading to closer cooperation
between EGCOMP and the
CLP Holdings Limited Group, underpinning the
CLP Holdings Limited Group's commitment to
conduct power related business in Thailand
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